Purpose
To standardize the pre-analytical handling of specimens submitted for microbiological examination.
Scope
This procedure applies to trained microbiology laboratory personnel working within an approved quality-management and biosafety system.
Principle
Accurate microbiological diagnosis depends on obtaining an appropriate specimen from the correct site, preventing contamination and deterioration, and transporting it under conditions suitable for the intended examination.
Specimen / Test Material
Clinical specimens collected from the appropriate anatomical site using approved containers and collection devices.
Equipment and Materials
- Approved sterile or specimen-specific collection containers
- Transport media where indicated
- Leak-resistant primary containers
- Secondary containment and appropriate packaging
- Request form or electronic order system
- Personal protective equipment
Procedure
- Verify patient identity and examination request.
- Explain the collection procedure where applicable.
- Collect the correct specimen from the appropriate site using aseptic technique.
- Avoid contamination with non-target organisms where possible.
- Place the specimen in the correct approved container.
- Label the specimen at the point of collection according to laboratory policy.
- Complete required clinical and collection information.
- Package and transport safely using the validated local transport process.
- Record delays, unsuitable conditions or deviations on receipt.
Quality Control and Quality Assurance
- Define and apply specimen acceptance and rejection criteria.
- Monitor specimen labelling, leakage, delays and contamination rates.
- Use approved transport media and packaging.
- Train staff and document competency.
Reporting
Report specimen rejection, acceptance, processing limitations and final microbiological findings according to laboratory policy.
Safety
Use risk-based biosafety practices, appropriate personal protective equipment and approved decontamination and waste-disposal procedures. Treat clinical specimens and cultures according to the laboratory's biological risk assessment.
References
- World Health Organization (WHO): Toolkit for Standard Operating Procedures for Bacteriology, Mycology and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
- WHO: Laboratory Biosafety Manual, 4th edition.
- WHO guidance on collection, packaging and transport of infectious substances.
- EUCAST methodology and quality-control guidance for antimicrobial susceptibility testing, where applicable.
- Current locally approved laboratory procedures and validated manufacturer instructions.