Standard Operating Procedures
Laboratory SOPs
Standard operating procedures for laboratory professionals, from specimen collection to instrument quality control.
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Unexpected Antibody Screening
SOP for detecting clinically significant alloantibodies in patient serum using reagent screening cells.
Major Crossmatching Procedure
SOP for final compatibility testing between patient serum and donor red blood cells.
Indirect Antiglobulin Test (IAT / Indirect Coombs)
SOP for detecting in vitro sensitization of RBCs by patient serum antibodies.
Direct Antiglobulin Test (DAT / Direct Coombs)
SOP for detecting in vivo sensitization of RBCs with IgG and/or C3d.
Rh (D) Blood Typing
SOP for determining the presence or absence of the Rh(D) antigen on red blood cells.
ABO Blood Grouping (Forward and Reverse)
SOP for determining ABO blood group using forward (cell) and reverse (serum) typing.
Oxidase Test for Bacterial Identification
SOP for detecting cytochrome c oxidase to differentiate bacterial groups (e.g., Pseudomonas vs. Enterobacteriaceae).
Coagulase Test for Staphylococcal Identification
SOP for detecting coagulase enzyme to differentiate Staphylococcus aureus from other staphylococci.
Catalase Test for Bacterial Identification
SOP for catalase test to differentiate bacteria based on production of catalase enzyme.
Hanging Drop Method for Bacterial Motility
SOP for hanging drop preparation to observe bacterial motility and true motility vs. Brownian movement.
McFarland Standard Preparation and Use
SOP for preparation and use of McFarland turbidity standards for standardizing bacterial inoculum density.
Kirby-Bauer Disc Diffusion Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing
SOP for standardized disc diffusion method to determine bacterial susceptibility to antimicrobial agents.
Bacterial Culture and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing
SOP for bacterial culture, isolation, identification, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST).
Ziehl-Neelsen Staining for Acid-Fast Bacilli
SOP for Ziehl-Neelsen staining to detect acid-fast bacilli (Mycobacterium tuberculosis and other mycobacteria).
Gram Staining Procedure
SOP for differential Gram staining to classify bacteria as Gram-positive or Gram-negative and assess morphology.
Urine Culture and Colony Count
SOP for quantitative urine culture to diagnose urinary tract infections (UTI) and identify causative organisms.
Urinalysis (Chemical Reagent Strip)
SOP for the chemical analysis of urine using a multi-parameter reagent strip to detect metabolic, renal, and systemic abnormalities.
Sickling Test (Sodium Metabisulfite Method)
SOP for screening for the presence of Hemoglobin S (HbS) by inducing deoxygenation and observing red blood cell sickling under microscopy.
Thin Blood Film Preparation and Examination
SOP for preparing and examining thin blood films for malaria species identification and detailed blood cell morphology.
Thick Blood Film Preparation and Examination
SOP for preparing and examining thick blood films, primarily for the detection of malaria parasites and other blood-borne pathogens.
Peripheral Blood Film Examination and Morphology Assessment
Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for the preparation, staining, microscopic examination, and morphological assessment of peripheral blood films for diagnostic hematology.