Standard Operating Procedures
Laboratory SOPs
Standard operating procedures for laboratory professionals, from specimen collection to instrument quality control.
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Serial Dilution Technique
General laboratory procedure for producing sequential dilutions using a defined dilution factor.
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC)
Procedure for determining the lowest validated antimicrobial concentration that inhibits visible growth under specified test conditions.
Broth Dilution Method
Antimicrobial susceptibility method based on exposing a standardized inoculum to defined concentrations of antimicrobial agents in broth.
Albert Staining
Special staining procedure used in validated workflows to demonstrate characteristic metachromatic granules and morphology.
Modified Ziehl-Neelsen Staining
Modified acid-fast staining procedure used in validated workflows for selected weakly acid-fast organisms or structures.
Specimen Collection and Transport for Microbiology
Standardized guidance for collecting, labelling, packaging and transporting microbiology specimens while preserving specimen quality and maintaining biosafety.
Widal Test (Febrile Agglutination)
SOP for the Widal tube agglutination test for Salmonella Typhi and paratyphi antibodies in suspected enteric fever.
Oxidase Test for Bacterial Identification
SOP for detecting cytochrome c oxidase to differentiate bacterial groups (e.g., Pseudomonas vs. Enterobacteriaceae).
Coagulase Test for Staphylococcal Identification
SOP for detecting coagulase enzyme to differentiate Staphylococcus aureus from other staphylococci.
Catalase Test for Bacterial Identification
SOP for catalase test to differentiate bacteria based on production of catalase enzyme.
Hanging Drop Method for Bacterial Motility
SOP for hanging drop preparation to observe bacterial motility and true motility vs. Brownian movement.
McFarland Standard Preparation and Use
SOP for preparation and use of McFarland turbidity standards for standardizing bacterial inoculum density.
Kirby-Bauer Disc Diffusion Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing
SOP for standardized disc diffusion method to determine bacterial susceptibility to antimicrobial agents.
Bacterial Culture and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing
SOP for bacterial culture, isolation, identification, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST).
Ziehl-Neelsen Staining for Acid-Fast Bacilli
SOP for Ziehl-Neelsen staining to detect acid-fast bacilli (Mycobacterium tuberculosis and other mycobacteria).
Gram Staining Procedure
SOP for differential Gram staining to classify bacteria as Gram-positive or Gram-negative and assess morphology.
Urine Culture and Colony Count
SOP for quantitative urine culture to diagnose urinary tract infections (UTI) and identify causative organisms.